Method of producing modified urea aldehyde resin



A carbon chains.

Patented May '1, 1945 1 UNITED sTArs 5 PATENT-Q ossica METHOD OF rnonucmo MODIFIED UREA ALDEHYDE RESIN Samuel s. GntkimBrooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Falk it Company, Carnegie, 2a., a corporation oi Penney No Drawing. Application August 14, 1943,

. Serial No. 498,728

8 Claims.

This invention relates to a specialized resinous urea-aldehyde alkyd product, and relates more particularly to urea-aldehyde alkyd products the specific properties of which are determined by a' specialized modification in the series of steps by which the resinous product is made.

The application herein is a continuation-1m part of 'my application Serial No. 192,587, filed February 25, 1938 (issued April 14, 1942, asPatent No. 2,279,312), and of my co-pending application Serial'No. 435,640, filed March 21, 1942.

A primary object of my invention, as in the patent and application above noted, is so to link the alkyd reactions to a urea-aldehyde condensate oi the infuslble or full heat-hardening type that'there is obtained a resin possessing certain inherent properties of ureaealdehyde resins of that sort, such as the properties of hardness, gloss, 110w, and color stability, coupled in meas ure with alkyd properties of flexibility, durability, and susceptibility to modification, by so conducting the process in which the resin is produced that fuslbility or solubility is retained in the reaction mass, or batch, during the formation of the resin without impairing in the prod-- uct those characteristics of heat-hardening ureaaldehyde resin which have been above noted.

The further and more specific object of my formation, adhesion, and strength. All are homogeneous products in that they exhibit no inherent tendency toward separationafter their formation.

Generally stated, my invention includes the initial formation of a urea-aldehyde condensation product which would be, if unmodified, heat-hardening and infusible, and includes the involvement of that initial condensate in reactions and modifications conducted with such determinative and modifying reagents, and under such conditions that the fusibility and solubility of the reaction batch is maintained throughout the process, and in measure is retained in the final product while also retaining in the product fundamental characteristics of the infusible urea-aldehyde condensates.

- aldehyde condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and then with a polybasic carboxylic acid, without destroying the above noted j desirable properties inherent in the infusible urea-aldehyde resins. Following this, I modify invention, and the feature in which the resin which is the subject matter hereof differs from the resin specifically claimed in my above noted patent, is to utilize as a modifying component included in the resin one of the'lower acyclic monocarboxyiic acids, or a mixture of such acids. ,By the term lower acyclic monocarboxylic acids as herein used, I intend todistinguish from the fatty oil acids, all of which are straight chain acids having more than '10 carbon atoms in their The fatty oil acids from which I herein distinguish are acyclic acids such as linseed oil acid, stearic acid, eleostearic (tung oil) acid, oleic acid, p'almitic acid, myristic acid, and lauric acid. The acyclic monocarboxylic acids, the use of which is herein disclosed, distinguish from fatty oil acids by having. no more than 10 carbon atoms in their non-nuclear group; that is, in the group, or structure, attached to the carboxyl of the acid.

The resinous products made in accordance with my invention differ from those disclosed in my above identified patent by being as a class somewhat softer and more soluble than those other products and by havins greater adhesiveness. They differ slightly in detail'fromeach the resultant resinous product of condensation and partial esteriflcatlon with an acyclic mono- 'carboxylic acid which has no more than 10 carbon atoms. in its non-nuclear group; that is, in

the group or structure, attached to the carboxyl of the acid.

As typical examples of aldehydes which may be reacted with urea to give the urea-aldehyde condensate, I may name acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, propyaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and formaldehyde. As typical examples of unmodified in their non-nuclear group, I maygive acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, acrylic acid, glycolic acid, crotonic acid, sorbic acid, lactic acid, hydracrylic acid. hydroxy butyric acid, hydroxy valeric acid, gly- Q cine, alanine, aminobutyric acid, valine, leucine,

norleucine, and the like acyclic monocarboxylic other, but have in common the properties of nlmacids.

This I do by eilecv tively. reacting the fundamentally infusible urea- I My invention may ,be exemplifled as follows:

- Example N0. 1

A mixture was made of 120 parts by weight 01' urea and 300 parts by weight of commercial (40%) formaldehyde. The mixture was allowed to stand at normal room temperature until an opaque resinous mass formed.

It may be here noted that in the satisfactory conduct of my process, as in this and following examples, the temperature at which the urea and aldehyde are condensed may be as low as normal room temperature, or the condensation may be accelerated by very gentle heating. If any heating is employed it should be careful and should be discontinued at the first signs of gelation in order that the condensate may not set so rapidly as to inhibit the succeeding stages of the process.

To. parts by weight of this urea-aldehyde condensate there were added 150 parts by weight of high-test glycerine which formed a homogene ous. mass with the urea-formaldehyde condensate. This mass was heated to a. temperature adequate to drive' of! water and to fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid which is added in this stage of they process, care being taken that the temperature of the batchdoes not greatly exceed 320 F, in order to insure against decomposition in the batch,.-pending the next stage of the process. The polybasic carboxylic acid, which in this example specifically was 'phthalic anhydride, was

' added in a quantity of 148 parts by weight, and

the batch was held at suchmoderately elevated temperature until capable of forming a clear bead.

above 400" F. ii care'be taken to discontinue heating when the first signs of gelation appear in the batch.

The product was a thick, viscous, resinous material of good clarity and color. It is indicated for use in adhesives, as a plasticizer for nitro-' cellulose, and when extended with suitable solvent, such as the aromatic hydrocarbon solvents. ester solvents, alcohols, ketones, catalytic s01- vents or mixtures of such solvents, is useful as a varnish coatingl As a variation under this some example, it may be noted, that I have added as much as 100 parts It is to be understood, for this example and for boxylic acid may be added before or during temsucceeding examples, that the polybasic carperature elevation, or may be added after the homogeneous mass of condensate and polyhydric alcohol has been brought to the maximum temperature desired. It is necessary merely that the polyhydric alcohol be added early in the process so that a homogeneous mass of the condensate I and the polyhydric alcohol is formed for reaction withthe polybasic carboxylic acid. It will be noted that in effecting partial esteriiication of the condensate, I use an unmodified polyhydric alcohol; that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of .thepolybasic carboxylic acid; and that both of 1 them are in excess of the condensate. The im-' mediate result'is the maintenance-of fusibility and solubility in the batch so that esteriflcation is eflected without theuse of a solubilizing agent such'as a, resin or solubilizing acidwith the polyhydric alcohol. v The final result is that I obtain a product in which the valuable properties 01' the maintenance-of solubility during its formation.

. nets in which phthalic anhydride was used as the heat-hardening resin have not been sacrificed to r To make mo'ditlcation the resinous material formed asabove with partial esterificatlon of the condensate by reaction with the phthalic anhydride, heating of the material at moderately ele- -vated temperatures was continued. Without permitting the material to gel, I added 37 parts by weight-of glacial acetic acid with heating from themaximum temperature of the stage next pre-' With acetic acid, as with all the acyclic monocarboxylicacids herein contemplated, in tempera-- ture of; about 400" F. was, adequate to incurporate'the monocarboxylio" acid in the reaction batch without clouding. vThe batch may, if desired, be brought to a temperaturesubstantiall'y by. weight of glacial acetic acid, making the additionby small increments to avoid separation. It may be noted that in this example, and as a fact running through all exemplitlcations of my method, the greater the eflective addition .0! the monocarboxylic acid the less viscous will the product be, and the greater .will be its-solubility in the common organic'solvents.

Eetcmple No. 2

The procedure of this example was identical with that of Example No. l and the materials used were identical with materials 01. that example, except that 98 parts by weight of maleic anhydride were used to replace the 148parts by weight of phthalic anhydride used inExampl'e No. 1.

Example No. 3

' Examples Nos.'2 and 3 are not hereinafter given in conjunction with the use of other variable compounds withirrthe bounds of my invention as herein broadly disclosed. It is, however, to be understood that in every subsequent example in which the use of phthalic anhydride is indicated, an approximately equivalent molar content. of maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, or other polybasic carboxylic acid, maybe used equivalently to the phthalic .anhydride as the polybasic carboxylic acid component or my resin, the procedure ,in each instance being identical with that described when phthalic anhydride is used. I have observed only slight diflerencebetween the prodpolybasic carboxylic acid and'those products in which some other polybasic carboxylic acid was used.

' I Example No.4

In this example the procedure and materials or ExanipleNo. 1 were duplicated down to the final stage, in which stage lactic acid was added as the monocarboxylic acid in place of the glacial acetic acid as used in Example No. 1.

- ceding to a temperature slightly above 400" F.

That is, to 50 parts by weight of the resinous condensate made as in Example No. 1, I added 154, parts by weight of high-test glycerine, which formed a homogeneous mass with the ureaformaldehyde condensate. Similarly to the procedure 01- Example No. 1', 148 parts by weight of phthallc anhydride was added and themixture was heated to about 300 F. until capable of forming a clear head.-

Then scam by weight 0: lactic acid, (85% U. B. P.) wasadded, and heating was continued tilthe temperature" reached about 400? F. and

was used.

held at this temperature for about 45 minutes.

= The temperature was then taken to about 450 F. and the batch was cooled.

The product was a thick, viscous, resinous material or good' clarity and color. The same uses are indicated for this product as for the product obtained by modification with glacial acetic acid.

Example No.5

In this example the procedure and materials of the final stage, in which stage acrylic acid was added as the monocarboxylic acid in place of the "glacial acetic acid used in Example No. 1.

76'parts by weight of acrylic acid were added in small increments while raising the temperature of the reaction mass, or batcl'airom the maximum temperatures! the next preceding stage, or about 300 F., to a temperature of about 400 F. The batch was held at that temperature for about 35 'minutes, and the temperature was then raised to about 450 F. The batch'was then cooled.

' Apparently all oi the acrylic acid went into the batch in the same manner as the other acyclic acids, to give a resinous product of the same light Examples Nos. 1 and 4 were duplicated down to I then'added 37- parts by weight of glacial acetic acid and continued heating to a temperature of about 400 F., at which temperature I held at batch for a short time and then permitted it to cool.

The product was very viscous, semi-solid material which was a dark reddish-brown in color. It was closely analogous to the products obtained in which acetaldehyde was used in the initial condensate.

The procedure and materials oi! Example No. 7

. were duplicated down to the last addition, in

color obtained by addition of glacial acetic acid in the final modification. when spread in a film as for deposit from solution-in a suitable organic solvent such as the aromatic hydrocarbon so1- vents, the film exhibited hardness greater than that obtained in the example in which acetic acid Emmple No. 6

A mixture was made of 120 grams of urea and 165 grams of commercial acetaldehyde, approximately 100% pure. 200 cc. of water was added while the mixture was allowed to stand at normal room temperature until an opaque resinous mass formed. 5

- To 50 grams of the condensate thus-formed there was added 154 grams of high-test glycerine which stage I added in one instance lactic acid, and in another instance acrylic acid. In both instances there was only slight difference in the products from the product obtained in Example No. 7 using glacial acetic acid.

Example N0. 8

I Example No. 9

To 100 parts by weight of the resinous product made in accordance with Example No. 4, I added 100 parts by weight of linseed oil, the temperature of the resinous product being maintained at' about 430 F. while the linseed oil was very slowly added. The product was a coating material hav-- ing by virtue of its resin content exceptional capacity to acquire gloss and hardness in a film.

which formed a homogeneous mass with the ureaacetaldehyde condensate. xThls mass was heated to a temperature approaching 300 F. until water was driven on, and at that temperature 148 grams of phthalic anhydride was added and the batch was held until capable of forming a clear bead. v I then added 37 grams of glacial acetic acid and heated the batch to about 400 F., holding it at that temperature for about 30 minutes and then permitted it to cool.

The product was a clear, dark almost rigid material. Itappears suitable for use as a. plasticizer and as an ingredient of colloidal dispel! sions usable as coating compositions.

The procedure and materials of Example No. 6 I

were duplicated down to the final modification, in which stage I added in one instance lactic acid, and in another instance acrylic acid. I

Example No. 7

. A mixture was made of 120 parts by 'weight of urea and 280 parts by weight of crotonaldehyde. This mixture was heated gently on a steam bath until an opaque resinous condensate was formed. To 'parts by weight of the condensate formed as above, I added .148 parts by weight 01! high-test -glycerine, which formed a homogeneous .mass

with urea-crotonaldehyde condensate, This Example No,- 10

To 100 parts'by weight of the resinous product obtained from the procedure of Example No. 5, I added 100 parts by weight of linseed oil, the

temperature of the resinous product being maintained at about 430 F. while the linseed oil was very slowly added.

The product was a coating material having by virtue of its resinous content exceptional capacity to acquire gloss and hardness, in a film.

The procedure of Examples Nos. 8, 9 and 10 was duplicated, adding, however, 100 parts by weight of soya bean oil in place of the linseed oil added mass was-heated to a temperature approaching.

300? F. until water was driven ofl,148 parts by weight or the phthalic anhydride being added. The batchwasheld at that temperature until capable of forming a clear head.

in those examples. The product difl'ered from the product obtained in Examples Nos. 8, 9 and 10 -only in ameasure to be anticipated from the diflerent properties of the linseedoil and the soya bean oil which were added.

All the several resinous products obtained by practicing my method have good solubility in the solvents which are above noted. As the content of monocarboxylic acid in the. final product is increased, the viscosity ofthe product is decreased and the solubility of the product correspondingly increases to the extent that in many instances solubility in mineral spirits is obtained. Although I use an initial condensate inherently possessing full heat-hardening properties, by

using an unmodified polyhydric alcohol, by causing that alcohol to solubilizethe initial 'condensate, and .without the use of added solubilizing agents, I am able to maintain the reaction mass, or batch, in a fusible condition which permits the I reaction with the polybasic carboxylic acid efi'ectively to take place. Also, by the avoidance of high temperature'in the batch prior to the addition oi the monocarboxylic acid in the final etc To parts'by weight of the resinous product I the batch being still in solubilized condition by virtue of the' use of an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and the conditions of its use, I am enabled to make substantial additions of monocarboxylic acids of the sort to which this present invention relates. As above noted, the quantity of such acids which is added is not critical.

In distinction from my issued patent, to which reference has been above made, I utilize as the final modifying ingredient of my resin acyclic monocarboxylic acids other than the fatty oil acids, and which are distinguished from the fatty oil acids by having no more than 10 carbon atoms in the group attached to the carboxyl, or nuclear group, of the acid. I have herein noted a substantial number of such acyclic monocarboxylic.

acids, and have exemplified several of them. I

- have noted specifically herein four of the class of polybasic carboxylic acids, namely phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, malic acid and fumarie acid. It is to be understood that any This is also true of aldehydes such as butyraldehyde and propylaldehyde, which have not specifically been exemplified herein.

It may be emphasized that the result of my method is to give a resin suitable for various uses, and which is particularly adapted for use in hard varnish films, and in adhesives; in which the initial condensate is a resin f 'full heathardening properties, and in which the advantageous features attendant upon those properties are retained by so including the polyhydric alcohol and the polybasic. carboxylic' acid in the reaction mass, or batch, from which the resin is formed that I am able to obtain the desired sequence of reactions without the addition of any solubilizing agent such as a resin, or a solubilizing acid such as monocarboxylic acid, prior to the reaction whichinvolves the polybasic carboxylic acid. The product resins thus retain and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a ture sufficiently high to drive off water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic' acid and not substantially above 320 F., the proportions of the additions to each other and to the urea-aldehyde condensate being such thatthe polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess of the condensate, and then with further temperature ele vation making at least one addition of acid selected from the class consisting "of the acyclic monocarboxylic acids having no more than carbon atoms in the group attached to the carboxyl of the acid and mixturesof such acids.

e 2. The herein described method of producing a modified urea-formaldehyde resinby following the sequential steps ofpreparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate by reacting urea and formaldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 mols. of formaldehyde at low temperature to a stage at which an opaque'resinous mass is formed, while theurea-formaldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of the condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homo.-

-geneous mass with a polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature suilic'iently high to drive off water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid and not substantially above 320? F., the proportions of the additions .to each other and to the urea-formaldehye condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excessof the condensate, and then with .further temperature elevation making at least one addition or an acid selected from the class consisting of the acyclic .monocarboxylic acids having no more than 10 carbon atoms in the a group attached to the carboxyl of the acid and hardness, gloss, and alkali resistance characteristlc of urea-aldehyde resins ofthe full heathardening type inresins whichare soluble in common commercial solvents, and which .are suitable for use in adhesives, plastics and coatings.

In these resins, also, the characterof the monocarboxylic acid included as a modifyingv addition in the process of their manufacture gives theresins effective solubility in a wide range of commercial organic solvents.

I claim as my invention:

. 1. The herein described method of producing a modified urea-aldehyde resin by following the sequentiaisteps of preparing a urea-aldehyde condensate by reacting urea and-aldehyde in 'the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 mols. of aldehyde at low temperature to astage at which an opaque resinous mass is formed, while the. urea-aldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of the condensate mixtures of such acids.

. 3. The herein described method of producin a modified urea-aldehyde resin by following the sequential steps of preparing a urea-aldehyde condensate by reacting urea and aldehydein the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 mols. of aldehyde at low temperature to a stage at which an opaque resinous mass is formed, while the urea-aldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming ahomogeneous mass of the condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature sufficiently high to drive of! water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid and not sub stantially above 320 F., the proportions of the with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polybasic carboxylic acid with'heating to a temperaadditions to each other and to the urea-aldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylicacid and such that each of them is in excess of the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of glacial acetic acid. 4. The herein described method of producing a modified urea-formaldehyde resin by following the sequential steps of preparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate by reacting urea and formaldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mol.

ofurea to 2 mols. of formaldehyde at low tem,- perature to a stage at which an opaque resinous mass is formed, while the urea-formaldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a'polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature sufiiciently high to drive of! water and fuse polybasic carbosyiic the condensate with an unmodified manna not substantially above 320- r., the proportions of the additions to each other and to the urea-formaldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess or the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of Blacial acetic acid.

5. The herein described method or producing a modified urea-aldehyde resin by following the sequential steps 0! preparing 'a urea-aldehyde condensate by reacting urea and aldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 at which an opaque resinous mass is formed, while the urea-aldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of the con- 6. The herein described method of producing fa modified urea-formaldehyde resin by following the sequential steps or preparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate by reacting urea and formaldehyde in the approximate proportion ii 1 moi. of urea to 2 mols. of formaldehyde at low temmols. oi aldehyde at low temperature to a stage tion making at least one addition 01' acrylic acid,

"l. The herein described method of producing a modified urea-aldehyde resin by following the sequential steps of preparing a urea-aldehyde condensate by reacting urea and aldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mOL-of urea to 2 mols. of aldehyde at low temperature to a stage at which an opaque resinous mass is formed,

- while the urea-aldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass oi the conidensate with an unmodified. polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polyhasic. carboxylic acidwith heating to a temperature suillciently high to drive oil water and fuse thepolybasic carboxylic acidand not substantially above 320 F., the proportions oi the additions to each other and to the urea-aldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess of the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of lactic acid. 7

8. The herein described method of producing 'a modified-urea-Iormaldehyde resin by following the sequential steps of preparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate by reacting urea and forms aldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 mols. of formaldehyde at low temperature to a stage at which an opaque resinous peratureto a stage at which an opaque resinous 4 I mass-is formed, while the urea-formaldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass oi'the condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature suiiiciently high to driveofl water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid and not substantially above 320 F., the pro portions, of the additions to each other andto the urea-formaldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them CERTIFICATE Patent No. 2, 7i ,812.

I SAMUEL or CORRECTION.

mass is formed, while the urea-formaldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of the condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature sufficiently high to drive oi! water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid and not substantially above 320" F., the proportions of the additions to each other and to the urea-formaldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess of the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of lactic acid.

v SAMUEL S. GUTKEN.

, liay 1, 1914.5.

GUTKIN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: The specification and claims of applica-v I tion Serial No. 14.98327, Patent No. 2,571+,B1i' and application Serial Ho.

7 14,98,728, Patent m. 2,57h,812 were inadvertently transposed, therefore, in vthe heading to; the ,printed specification of this patent, line 8, for "Serial No. 498,723" read --Seria1 No. -i 9a,727--;

and that the said Letters Patent should be reaclwith this correction therein that the some may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. I

si ned and soaled'this 27th day of November, A. D. 19l 5.

' Leslie Frazer First Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

is in excess of thecondensate, and then with further temperature eleva manna not substantially above 320- r., the proportions of the additions to each other and to the urea-formaldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess or the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of Blacial acetic acid.

5. The herein described method or producing a modified urea-aldehyde resin by following the sequential steps 0! preparing 'a urea-aldehyde condensate by reacting urea and aldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 at which an opaque resinous mass is formed, while the urea-aldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of the con- 6. The herein described method of producing fa modified urea-formaldehyde resin by following the sequential steps or preparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate by reacting urea and formaldehyde in the approximate proportion ii 1 moi. of urea to 2 mols. of formaldehyde at low temmols. oi aldehyde at low temperature to a stage tion making at least one addition 01' acrylic acid,

"l. The herein described method of producing a modified urea-aldehyde resin by following the sequential steps of preparing a urea-aldehyde condensate by reacting urea and aldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mOL-of urea to 2 mols. of aldehyde at low temperature to a stage at which an opaque resinous mass is formed,

- while the urea-aldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass oi the conidensate with an unmodified. polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polyhasic. carboxylic acidwith heating to a temperature suillciently high to drive oil water and fuse thepolybasic carboxylic acidand not substantially above 320 F., the proportions oi the additions to each other and to the urea-aldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess of the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of lactic acid. 7

8. The herein described method of producing 'a modified-urea-Iormaldehyde resin by following the sequential steps of preparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate by reacting urea and forms aldehyde in the approximate proportion of 1 mol. of urea to 2 mols. of formaldehyde at low temperature to a stage at which an opaque resinous peratureto a stage at which an opaque resinous 4 I mass-is formed, while the urea-formaldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass oi'the condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature suiiiciently high to driveofl water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid and not substantially above 320 F., the pro portions, of the additions to each other andto the urea-formaldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them CERTIFICATE Patent No. 2, 7i ,812.

I SAMUEL or CORRECTION.

mass is formed, while the urea-formaldehyde condensate is still ungeled forming a homogeneous mass of the condensate with an unmodified polyhydric alcohol and reacting the said homogeneous mass with a polybasic carboxylic acid with heating to a temperature sufficiently high to drive oi! water and fuse the polybasic carboxylic acid and not substantially above 320" F., the proportions of the additions to each other and to the urea-formaldehyde condensate being such that the polyhydric alcohol is in excess of the polybasic carboxylic acid and such that each of them is in excess of the condensate, and then with further temperature elevation making at least one addition of lactic acid.

v SAMUEL S. GUTKEN.

, liay 1, 1914.5.

GUTKIN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: The specification and claims of applica-v I tion Serial No. 14.98327, Patent No. 2,571+,B1i' and application Serial Ho.

7 14,98,728, Patent m. 2,57h,812 were inadvertently transposed, therefore, in vthe heading to; the ,printed specification of this patent, line 8, for "Serial No. 498,723" read --Seria1 No. -i 9a,727--;

and that the said Letters Patent should be reaclwith this correction therein that the some may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. I

si ned and soaled'this 27th day of November, A. D. 19l 5.

' Leslie Frazer First Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

is in excess of thecondensate, and then with further temperature eleva 

